Beethoven's "Missa solemnis"

While composing his Missa solemnis, Beethoven looked to the past.  He obtained a copy of the score to J.S. Bach’s unpublished B Minor Mass, and studied the sacred music of C.P.E. Bach. After countless sketches and spiritual preparation, Beethoven composed this work for large orchestra and chorus, dedicating more time to it than any other of his works. Written simultaneously with the Symphony No. 9, Missa solemnis is considered one of the most significant mass settings in classical music.

Dvořák's "New World"

In June 1891, Antonín Dvořák was invited to direct the newly-formed National Conservatory in New York City.  Leaving four of their six children behind in Bohemia, Dvořák and his wife made their new home on East 17^th Street in cacophonous Manhattan, just a few blocks from the new school.  Through his diverse student body and the advent of the polyrhythmic ragtime, Dvořák first encountered African American and Native American music.  He was particularly taken with those cultures’ spirituals. He borrowed musical elements from diverse popular sources for many of his compositions, including his Symphony No. 9, From the New World.